Table of Contents
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GAUMĀTA
Pierre Briant
according to the Bīsotūn inscriptions, the Magian pretender who seized the Achaemenid throne by claiming to be Bardiya (Smerdis), the son of Cyrus the Great.
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GĀV
Cross-Reference
See CATTLE.
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GĀV-ZABĀN
Hushang Aʿlam
lit. ”ox-tongue” (in reference to the rough, tongue-shaped leaves of the plant); the popular designation for several medicinal species of the borage family (Boraginaceae).
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GAVA
Cross-Reference
See SOGHDIA.
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GĀVĀHAN
Cross-Reference
See PLOW.
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ḠĀVĀL
Jean During
or daf; the most widespread percussion instrument in the Republic of Azerbaijan, played as much in artistic as in popular music and professional ensembles.
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GAVAN
Cross-Reference
plant of the genus Astragalus. See TRAGACANTH (pending).
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GĀVĀN GĪLĀNĪ
Cross-Reference
See MAḤMŪD GĪLĀNĪ.
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GAVAZN
Cross-Reference
See RED DEER.
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GĀVBAND
Amir Ismail Ajami
the owner of the oxen (gāv) in the traditional farming system of Persia.
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GĀVBĀRA
Cross-Reference
See DABUYIDS.
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GĀVBĀZĪ
Christian Bromberger
arranged fights between bulls. These now take place only in the Caspian provinces of Gīlān and Mazandarān. In the past, however, they were common throughout Persia and formed part of the entertainment in local festivities along with other games involving pitting animals and creatures of all kinds against each other.
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GĀVMĪŠ
Cross-Reference
buffalo. See CATTLE.
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GAVOR QALʿA
Cross-Reference
See GYAUR KALA.
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GĀW Ī ĒWDĀD
William W. Malandra
or ēwagdād; the name of the primordial Bovine in Zoroastrian mythology.
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ḠAWṮ KHAN, NAWWĀB MOḴTĀR-AL-MOLK
Cross-Reference
See NAWWĀB-E DAKHAN.
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ḠAWṮĪ, MOḤAMMAD
K. A. Nizami
b. Ḥasan b. Mūsā Šaṭṭārī MANDOVĪ (b. Mandu, 1554), author of Golzār-e-abrār, a Persian hagiography of Indian saints.
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ḠAYBA
Said Amir Arjomand
(Pers. ḡaybat) lit. "absence"; term used by the Shiʿites to refer to the occultation of the Hidden Imam.
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ḠĀYER KHAN
Peter Jackson
b. Tekeš (d. 1220), Turkish general of the Ḵᵛārazmšāh ʿAlāʾ-al-Dīn Moḥammad.
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GAYḴĀTŪ KHAN
Peter Jackson
(1291-95) fifth Mongol Il-khan of Persia; his coins also bear the name Īrinjīn Dūrjī (Tibetan Rin-chen rDo-rje, lit. “Jewel Diamond”) bestowed upon him by Buddhist lamas.