Table of Contents
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Asia Institute
Richard N. Frye
founded in 1928 in New York City as the American Institute for Persian Art and Archaeology, incorporated 1930 in the state of New York and active in Shiraz 1965-79. In its affiliation, functions, and publications, the Institute has had a complicated and eventful career, illustrating some of the vicissitudes of Iranian studies during the twentieth century.
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ASIA INSTITUTE, BULLETIN OF THE
Richard N. Frye
originally Bulletin of the American Institute of Persian Art and Archaeology from July 1931; and the first issue was edited by Arthur Upham Pope, director of the Institute.
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ASIA MINOR
M. Weiskopf
Irano-Anatolian relations. The Iranians left their imprint above all on the art of governing.
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ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL
Cross-Reference
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ASII
F. Thordarson
(or ASIANI), an ancient nomadic people of Central Asia, who about 130 B.C. put an end to Greek rule in Bactria.
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ASINAEUS AND ANILAEUS
M. Smith
figure in Josephus’ Jewish Antiquities.
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ASĪR EṢFAHĀNĪ
K. Amīrī Fīrūzkūhī
a poet of the 11th/17th century (d. 1049/1639).
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ĀŠIRVĀD
M. F. Kanga
“blessing, benediction,” a set of prayers and admonitions recited by the two officiating Parsi priests in the Zoroastrian marriage ceremony.
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ʿASJADĪ
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh
a poet of the first half of the 5th/11th century.
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ASK SPRINGS
E. Ehlers
The Ask springs, like those in other places around the base of Damāvand, are as yet used only by the local inhabitants. It remains to be seen whether they would repay commercial development (in the form of spa baths, bottling plants, etc.).
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ĀŠKĀBĀD
Cross-Reference
See ASHKHABAD.
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AŠKĀNĪĀN
Cross-Reference
See ARSACIDS.
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ʿASKAR MOKRAM
C. E. Bosworth
a town of the medieval Islamic province of Ahvāz (Ḵūzestān) and also the name of the district of which it was the administrative center.
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ʿASKARĀN
KAMRAN EKBAL
village in Qarābāḡ about seven miles northeast of Stepanakert in the eastern Caucasus, where peace negotiations between Russia and Persia took place in 1225/1810.
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ʿASKARĪ
H. Halm
the 11th imam of the Twelver Shiʿites.
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ʿASKARĪ, ABŪ HELĀL
W. M. Watt
philologist and poet born about the middle of the 4th/10th century.
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ʿASKARĪ, ʿALĪ AL-HĀDĪ
Cross-Reference
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AŠKAŠ
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh
an Iranian hero in the reign of Kay Ḵosrow.
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AŠKBŌS
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh
a Turanian hero from Kašān or Košān in the story of “Kāmūs-e Kašānī,” in the Šāh-nāma.
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ASLAM, ABU’L-QĀSEM MOḤAMMAD
Cross-Reference