Table of Contents

  • JOVAYN

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    name of three historical localities: a village in Fārs, a fortress o the northeast of Lake Zereh in Sistān, and especially the district of that name in Khorasan.

  • JOVAYNI FAMILY

    Hashem Rajabzadeh

    a family of men of the pen and statesmen of the 13th and 14th centuries in Iran. Men of this family held high positions in the government under the Saljuq, Ḵᵛārazmšāh, and Il-khanid dynasties.

  • JOVAYNI, ʿALĀʾ-AL-DIN

    George Lane

    (1226-1283), ʿAṬĀ-MALEK b. Moḥammad, governor of Iraq under the Il-khanids, author of Tāriḵ-e jahān-gošāy, a major primary source for the history of Central Asia and the Mongol conquests.

  • JOVAYNI, EMĀM-AL-ḤARAMAYN

    Paul L. Heck

    (1028-1085), Abu’l-Maʿāli ʿAbd-al-Malek b. ʿAbd-Allāh b. Yusof, a noted Shafiʿite scholar.

  • JOVAYNI, ṢĀḤEB DIVĀN

    Michal Biran

    ŠAMS-AL-DIN MOḤAMMAD b. Moḥammad (d. 1284), Persian statesman of the early Il-khanid period, the younger brother of the historian  ʿAlāʾ-al-Din ʿAṭā-Malek Jovayni.

  • JOVIAN

    Erich Kettenhofen

    (Flavius Iovianus; 331-364), Roman emperor, r. 363-64. The present article confines discussion to the events related to the Persian campaign of 363.

  • JOWŠAQĀN

    Habib Borjian

    district in Isfahan Province in central Persia, best known for its carpets and for its dialect.

  • JOWŠAQĀN i. The District

    Habib Borjian

    Jowšaqān is located at 65 miles northwest of Isfahan, where the western foothills of the Karkas Mountain range break down into plain.

  • JOWŠAQĀN ii. The Dialect

    Habib Borjian

    Jowšaqāni, spoken in the township of Jowšaqān, is a variety of the local dialects of Kāšān, a subgroup of the Central Dialects. Published materials on the dialect include Ann Lambton’s brief grammar and texts and glossary, and R. Zargari’s verb forms, glossary, and idioms.

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  • JOWZJĀN

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    Arabicized form of Persian Gowzgān(ān), a district of eastern Khorasan in early Islamic times, now roughly corresponding to the northwest of modern Afghanistan.

  • JOWZJĀNI, ABU ʿOBAYD

    Robert Wisnovsky

    (Juzjāni), ABU ʿOBAYD ʿABD-AL-WĀḤED b. Moḥammad, companion, literary secretary, and biographer of Avicenna.

  • JOWZJĀNI, MIR JUJOK

    R. D. McChesney

    a late 16th-century literary figure given the title malek al-šoʿarāʾ at Balkh by the Shibanid (Šaybānid) ruler there, ʿAbd-al-Moʾmen Khan (r. at Balkh 1583-98).

  • JUB-E GOWHAR

    Bruno Overlaet

    an archeological site in the Eyvān plain, Ilām province (Poštkuh, Lorestān). A total of sixty-six tombs of a partially plundered graveyard were excavated in 1977 by the Belgian Archeological Mission in Iran, directed by Louis Vanden Berghe.

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  • JUBAN

    Ali Hakemi

    excavation site in Gilan Province, 54 km south of Rasht, 4 km south of Kalvarz, and 12 km from Rudbār. In 1966, after three months of excavations (mid-spring to mid-summer), the archeological association of Rudbār discovered here the remains of a civilization dating from the beginning to the middle of the first millennium BCE.

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  • JUBĀRA

    cross-reference

    See ISFAHAN xviii. JEWISH COMMUNITY

  • JUDAKI

    Pierre Oberling

    a small Lor tribe of the Ḵorramābād region in western Persia.

  • JUDEO-PERSIAN COMMUNITIES

    Multiple Authors

     OF IRAN, one of the oldest Jewish populations in the Diaspora. 

  • JUDEO-PERSIAN COMMUNITIES i. INTRODUCTION

    Houman Sarshar

    Jewish communities have been living upon the Persian plateau since ca. 721 BCE, when King Sargon II (r. 721-705 BCE) relocated large communities of conquered Israelites.

  • JUDEO-PERSIAN COMMUNITIES ii. ACHAEMENID PERIOD

    Mayer I. Gruber

    The most significant chapter in the story of Jews and Judaism in Persia began 15 March 597 BCE, when King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylonia conquered Jerusalem and carried away as captives 10,000 Jews from Jerusalem and Judah.

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  • JUDEO-PERSIAN COMMUNITIES iii. PARTHIAN AND SASANIAN PERIODS

    Jacob Neusner

    By the time the Parthians reached Babylonia, Jews had lived there, under Babylonian, Achaemenid, and Seleucid rule for more than four and a half centuries.