Table of Contents
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HANWAY, JONAS
Ernest Tucker
(1712-86), an English merchant who traveled to Persia and wrote an account of the trip which provides an eyewitness view of northern Iran during Nāder Shah’s last years.
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ḤANẒALA BĀDḠISI
François de Blois
one of the earliest (possibly the earliest) Persian poets of whom we have any record.
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HAOMA
Dieter Taillieu, Mary Boyce
Avestan name for a plant and its divinity.
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HAOMA i. BOTANY
Dieter Taillieu
Haoma is the Avestan name for a plant and its divinity, Mid. Pers. hōm, Sogd. xwm, Pers. and other living Iranian languages hōm, hūm and related forms.
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HAOMA ii. THE RITUALS
Mary Boyce
Haoma yields the essential ingredient for the parahaoma, the consecrated liquid prepared during the main act of worship, the Yasna, and its extensions, the Visperad and Vendidad.
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ḤAQIQAT (1)
Nasseredin Parvin
(“truth”), title of six different Persian-language newspapers or periodicals, published at various times in Tehran, Rašt, Isfahan, Kabul, and Aarhus (Denmark).
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ḤAQIQAT (2)
Habib Borjian
(“truth,” apparently a rendering of Russian Pravda), the title of several newspapers in Tajik Persian.
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HARĀ BƎRƎZAITĪ
cross-reference
See ALBORZ.
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HARAHUVATIŠ
cross-reference
See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.
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HARAIVA
cross-reference
See HERAT i.
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HARĀSP
cross-reference
See ZAV.
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HARĀT
cross-reference
See HERĀT.
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HARAXVATIŠ
cross-reference
See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.
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HARBURZ
Cross-Reference
In ancient Iranian tradition, the mountain at the middle of the earth’s surface; see ALBORZ ii. Alborz in Myth and Legend.
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HARDINGE, ARTHUR
Denis Wright
(1859-1933), Sir, British diplomat, who worked assiduously and effectively to counter the influence of Russia and enhance that of Britain.
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HARDINGE, CHARLES
Denis Wright
(1858-1944), Lord, First Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, British diplomat.
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HAREM
Multiple Authors
(Ar. and Pers. ḥaram “sanctuary”), wives and other female associates in former aristocratic families and the secluded quarter of a house reserved for them.
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HAREM i. IN ANCIENT IRAN
A. Shapur Shahbazi
There is no evidence for the practice among the early Iranians of taking large numbers of wives or concubines and keeping them in secluded quarters.
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HAREM ii. IN THE QAJAR PERIOD
Anna Vanzan
Women played an important role in the life of the Qajar monarchs. Fatḥ-ʿAli Shah and Nāṣer-al-Din Shah, in particular, kept a large harem.
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ḪARḪAR
Inna Medvedskaya
a land and a city at the western border of Media. It was taken several times by the Assyrian kings Shalmanaser III (r. 860-825 BCE) and Adad-nerari III (r. 812-782).