Table of Contents

  • HANWAY, JONAS

    Ernest Tucker

    (1712-86), an English merchant who traveled to Persia and wrote an account of the trip which provides an eyewitness view of northern Iran during Nāder Shah’s last years.

  • ḤANẒALA BĀDḠISI

    François de Blois

    one of the earliest (possibly the earliest) Persian poets of whom we have any record.

  • HAOMA

    Dieter Taillieu, Mary Boyce

    Avestan name for a plant and its divinity.

  • HAOMA i. BOTANY

    Dieter Taillieu

    Haoma is the Avestan name for a plant and its divinity, Mid. Pers. hōm, Sogd. xwm, Pers. and other living Iranian languages hōm, hūm and related forms.

  • HAOMA ii. THE RITUALS

    Mary Boyce

    Haoma yields the essential ingredient for the parahaoma, the consecrated liquid prepared during the main act of worship, the Yasna, and its extensions, the Visperad and Vendidad.

  • ḤAQIQAT (1)

    Nasseredin Parvin

    (“truth”), title of six different Persian-language newspapers or periodicals, published at various times in Tehran, Rašt, Isfahan, Kabul, and Aarhus (Denmark).

  • ḤAQIQAT (2)

    Habib Borjian

    (“truth,” apparently a rendering of Russian Pravda),  the title of several newspapers in Tajik Persian.

  • HARĀ BƎRƎZAITĪ

    cross-reference

    See ALBORZ.

  • HARAHUVATIŠ

    cross-reference

    See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.

  • HARAIVA

    cross-reference

    See HERAT i.

  • HARĀSP

    cross-reference

    See ZAV.

  • HARĀT

    cross-reference

    See HERĀT.

  • HARAXVATIŠ

    cross-reference

    See ARACHOSIA; ROḴAJ.

  • HARBURZ

    Cross-Reference

    In ancient Iranian tradition, the mountain at the middle of the earth’s surface; see  ALBORZ ii. Alborz in Myth and Legend.

     

  • HARDINGE, ARTHUR

    Denis Wright

    (1859-1933), Sir, British diplomat, who worked assiduously and effectively to counter the influence of Russia and enhance that of Britain.

  • HARDINGE, CHARLES

    Denis Wright

    (1858-1944), Lord, First Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, British diplomat.

  • HAREM

    Multiple Authors

    (Ar. and Pers. ḥaram “sanctuary”), wives and other female associates in former aristocratic families and the secluded quarter of a house reserved for them.

  • HAREM i. IN ANCIENT IRAN

    A. Shapur Shahbazi

    There is no evidence for the practice among the early Iranians of taking large numbers of wives or concubines and keeping them in secluded quarters.

  • HAREM ii. IN THE QAJAR PERIOD

    Anna Vanzan

    Women played an important role in the life of the Qajar monarchs. Fatḥ-ʿAli Shah and Nāṣer-al-Din Shah, in particular, kept a large harem.

  • ḪARḪAR

    Inna Medvedskaya

    a land and a city at the western border of Media. It was taken several times by the Assyrian kings Shalmanaser III (r. 860-825 BCE) and Adad-nerari III (r. 812-782).