Table of Contents

  • DE MORGAN, Jacques

    Pierre Amiet

    (1857-1924), French archeologist and prehistorian. He came from an exceptionally gifted family, in which cultivation of humane learning was combined with scientific rigor. It seems clear that he was less interested in Elamite history than in the overall prehistory of the East.

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  • DEAD SEA SCROLLS

    Jacques Duchesne-Guillemin

    parchment and papyrus scrolls written in Hebrew, mainly of the 1st centuries B.C.E. and C.E., found in caves around Qomrān on the northwest coast of the Dead Sea and considered to represent a sect of Judaism.

  • DEATH (1)

    Mary Boyce

    AMONG ZOROASTRIANS

  • DEATH (2)

    Cross-Reference

    IN RELIGIONS OTHER THAN ZOROASTRIANISM. See CORPSE and BURIAL.

  • DEBEVOISE, NEILSON CAREL

    M. J. Olbrycht and V. P. Nikonorov

    (1903-1992), American archeologist and scholar of the history and culture of ancient Mesopotamia and Iran.

  • DECCAN

    Carl W. Ernst, Priscilla P. Soucek

    or Dakhan, Pers. Dakan; the south-central plateau of India, bounded on the north by the Narbada river, on the west by the Sea of Oman, on the east by the Bay of Bengal, and on the south by the Tungabhadra river.

  • DECORATION

    Priscilla P. Soucek

    the use of consciously designed patterns to embellish building surfaces and objects for aesthetic effect. Despite progress in identifying or classifying the features of Persian decorative patterns, few scholars have attempted to explain why particular designs were used in specific periods, regions, or circumstances.

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  • DECORATIONS

    Yaḥyā Šahīdī

    In Persia there were no orders in the Western sense, but only decorations and medals. The practice of awarding such honors was initiated by Fatḥ-ʿAlī Shah, who introduced the Lion and Sun (nešān-e šīr o ḵoršīd) in 1808, apparently inspired by the Red Crescent adopted by the Ottoman sultan Salīm III.

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  • DEDE BEG ḎU’L-QADAR

    Cross-Reference

    See ABDĀL BEG.

  • DEDE ʿOMAR RŪŠANĪ

    Tahsın Yazici

    (b. Güzel Ḥeṣār, Aydın province, in western Anatolia, at an indeterminate date; d. Tabrīz, 1487), Turkish Sufi who wrote poetry in both Persian and Turkish.

  • DEDE YŪSOF SĪNAČĀK

    Tahsın Yazici

    (b. Yenice on the Vardar in Ottoman Māqadūnīā [modern Macedonia] at an indeterminate date, d. Istanbul, 1546), Mawlawī Sufi shaikh, poet, and author.

  • DĒDMARĪ, ḴᵛĀJA MOḤAMMAD-AʿẒAM

    Shamsuddin Ahmad

    (1691-1765), historian, poet, and Sufi of Kashmir.

  • DEER

    Cross-Reference

    See ĀHŪ, RED DEER.

  • DEFRÉMERY, Charles-François

    Francis Richard

    (b. Cambray, France, 18 December 1822, d. St.-Valéry-en Caux, France, 18 August 1883), French orientalist and scholar.

  • DEH

    Daniel Balland and Marcel Bazin

    village, in Persia and Afghanistan.

  • DEH MORĀSĪ ḠONDAY

    Jim G. Shaffer

    a Bronze Age archeological site located at 34° 90’ N, 65° 30’ E, adjacent to the village of Deh Morāsī, approximately 27 km southwest of Qandahār and 6.5 km east-southeast of Pahjwāʾī in southeastern Afghanistan.

  • DEH-BOKRĪ

    Pierre Oberling

    Kurdish tribe of Kurdistan.

  • DEH-E NOW

    Hubertus von Gall

    site of a group of four rock-cut tombs of the 4th-3rd centuries BCE, located about 25 km south of Bīsotūn in Kermānšāhān. It is possible that at least the two smaller tombs were astōdāns.

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  • DEHBĪD

    Sayyed ʿAlī Āl-e Dāwūd

    town in the šahrestān of Ābāda, Fārs (30° 37’ N, 53° 12’ E), situated on the Shiraz-Isfahan road in a plain 191 km northeast of Shiraz.

  • DEHDĀR ŠIRĀZI, ʿEMĀD-al-DIN

    Matthew Melvin-Koushki

    with pen name taḵalloṣ ʿEyāni, the most prolific Persian author on lettrism in the 10th/16th century; has long been overshadowed by both his father , an astronomer-philosopher and his son, a mystical-philosopher.