Table of Contents
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BŪŠEHRĪ, ḤĀJĪ MOḤAMMAD
Bāqer ʿĀqelī
MOʿĪN-AL-TOJJĀR (1859-1933), a merchant active in the Constitutional Revolution.
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BŪSTĀN
G. Michael Wickens
in early sources referred to as Saʿdī-nāma, a moralistic and anecdotal verse work consisting of some 4,100 maṯnawī couplets by Shaikh Moṣleḥ-al-Dīn Saʿdī, completed in 1257.
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BŪSTĀNĪ, MĪRZĀ MOḤAMMAD
Yuri Bregel
ʿABD-AL-ʿAẒĪM SĀMĪ, poet and historian of Bukhara (b. ca. 1840, d. after 1914).
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BUSTARD
Hūšang Aʿlam and Derek A. Scott
any of a family (Otididae) of game birds of which three species, generally called hūbar(r)a in contemporary Persian, occur in Iran.
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BŪTĪMĀR
Hūšang Aʿlam
a semilegendary aquatic bird; in Persian literature its lore that can be traced back at least as far as the time of Jāḥeẓ (d. 255/868).
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BUYIDS
Tilman Nagel
(also Bowayhids, Buwaihids, etc.; Pers. Āl-e Būya), dynasty of Daylamite origin ruling over the southern and western part of Iran and over Iraq from the middle of the 4th/10th to the middle of the 5th/11th centuries.
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BŪZĪNA
Maḥmūd Omīdsālār
monkeys. Other names: meymūn (common), ʿantar (vulgar), kappī (Mid. Pers. kabīg, from Indian kapi). Two myths of the creation of monkeys exist in the Zoroastrian literature.
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BŪZJĀNĪ, ABU’L-WAFĀʾ
Cross-reference
See ABU’L-WAFĀʾ BŪZJĀNĪ.
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BŪZJĀNĪ, DARWĪŠ ʿALĪ
Heshmat Moayyad
(d. after 1522), a Sufi scholar of Khorasan attached to Aḥmad-e Jām.
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BYRON, ROBERT
Robert Irwin
(1905-1941), British travel writer and amateur historian of architecture.
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BYZANTINE-IRANIAN RELATIONS
A. Shapur Shahbazi
From the middle of the 1st century B.C. the Middle East was dominated by the political rivalries of the empires of Rome and Iran. In 298 a treaty of peace had been signed between the Roman and Sasanian emperors; it lasted until after Constantine’s conversion to Christianity.
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BYZANTIUM
Jack Martin Balcer
(Byzantion): contact with the Achaemenids (ca. 513-439 BCE). The Greek polis of Byzantium, in the European province of Thrace (OPers. Skudra), played a pivotal role in the Greco-Persian wars.
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Bahrām Yašt
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Baktiāri karnā
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Baluchistan Ḏekr
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Banān - Kasi ke dar sar-e u
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Bandbāz
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Bastanegār
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Battle between Rostam and Sohrāb, The
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Bayāt-e Kord
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