Table of Contents
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ʿAYYĀŠĪ, ABU’L-NAŻR MOḤAMMAD
I. K. Poonawala
Imami jurist and scholar of the 3rd-4th/9th-10th centuries.
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AYYOHAʾL-WALAD
I. Abbas
a short treatise by Abū Ḥāmed Moḥammad Ḡazālī Ṭūsī (fl. 450-505/1058-1111), originally composed in Persian.
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AYYŪB KHAN, MOḤAMMAD
Cross-Reference
B. AMĪR ŠĒR ʿALĪ KHAN. See MOḤAMMAD AYYŪB KHAN.
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AYYUBIDS
R. S. Humphreys
(Ar. Banū Ayyūb), a Kurdish family who first became prominent as members of the Zangid military establishment in Syria in the mid-sixth/twelfth century.
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ʿAYYŪQĪ
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh
a poet of the fifth/eleventh century who versified the romance of Varqa o Golšāh.
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ĀZ
J. P. Asmussen
Iranian demon known from Zoroastrian, Zurvanite, and, especially, Manichean sources.
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ĀZĀD
M. Bazin
Zelkova crenata or Siberian elm, a tree of the Ulmaceae family, for which also other scientific names, such as Zelkova carpinifolia, Zelkova hyrcana, Planera crenata, and Planera Richardi, have been proposed.
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ĀZĀD (Iranian Nobility)
M. L. Chaumont, C. Toumanoff
(older ĀZĀT), a class of the Iranian nobility.
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ĀZĀD BELGRĀMĪ
M. Siddiqi
Major Indo-Muslim poet, biographer, and composer of chronograms, also known as Ḥassān-al-Hend (fl. 1116-1200/1704-86).
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ĀZĀD FĪRŪZ
A. Tafażżolī
governor of Bahrain and the surrounding area in the time of Ḵosrow (probably Ḵosrow II Parvēz).