Table of Contents

  • AZERBAIJAN viii. Azeri Turkish

    G. Doerfer

    Oghuz languages were earlier grouped into Turkish (of Turkey), Azeri, and Turkmen, but recent research has modified this simple picture.

  • AZERBAIJAN ii. Archeology

    W. Kleiss

    comprises the two Iranian provinces of West Azerbaijan and East Azerbaijan, with administrative centers at Urmia (before 1979 Reżāʾīya) and Tabrīz respectively; it does not include “Northern Azerbaijan,” centered on Baku, which since 1829 has belonged to the Russian empire.

  • AZERBAIJAN ix. Iranian Elements in Azeri Turkish

    L. Johanson

    perhaps after Uzbek, the Turkic language upon which Iranian has exerted the strongest impact—mainly in phonology, syntax and vocabulary, less in morphology.

  • AZERBAIJAN x. Azeri Turkish Literature

    H. Javadi and K. Burrill

    Due to bilingualism among the educated Turkic-speaking people of the area the use of Azeri prose was widespread until the reign of Reżā Shah Pahlavi (r. 1925-41).

  • AZERBAIJAN xi. Music of Azerbaijan

    J. During

    Iranian elements in the development of the Azeri tradition were numerous, as is shown by modern terminology (čahār meżrāb, bardāšt), as well as by certain pieces in the repertoire.

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  • AZERBAIJAN xii. MONUMENTS

    Wolfram Kleiss

    The Iranian provinces of Azerbaijan, both West and East, possess a large number of monuments from all periods of history.

  • AZES

    D. W. Mac Dowell

    the name of two Indo-Scythian kings of the major dynasty ruling an empire based on the Punjab and Indus valley from about 50 BCE to CE 30.

  • AẒFARĪ GŪRGĀNĪ

    M. Baqir

    18th-century Indo-Persian poet and lexicographer.

  • AZHAR-E ḴAR

    L. P. Smirnova

    “Azhar the ass,” nickname of AZHAR B. YAḤYĀ B. ZOHAYR B. FARQAD, third cousin and military commander of the Saffarid amirs Yaʿqūb and ʿAmr b. Layṯ.

  • AŽI

    Cross-Reference

    (DAHĀKA). See AŽDAHĀ.

  • AZILISES

    D. W. MacDowall

    Indo-Scythian king of the dynasty of Azes in the Indus valley about the beginning of the Christian era.  

  • ʿAẒĪM NAVĀZ KHAN BAHĀDOR

    M. Baqir

    author of a Sunni account in Persian of the martyrdom of Imam Ḥosayn and superintendent of the compilation of a political and natural history of the Carnatic and of India in general. (fl. 1859).

  • ʿAẒĪMĀBĀD

    Q. Ahmad

    (Patna), ancient Pataliputra, present capital of Bihar state in northeast India.

  • ĀZĪN JOŠNAS

    A. Tafażżolī

    (ĀḎĪN JOŠNAS), a military commander of the Sasanian Hormazd IV (r. 579-90), killed in Hamadān on his way to fight the rebellious general Bahrām Čōbin.

  • ĀŽĪR

    N. Parvīn

    “Alarm bell,” a radical leftist Persian newspaper, printed at Tehran, May 1943 to June, 1945.

  • AZIŠMĀND

    M. Shaki

    “obstructed or hampered justice," one of the few Middle Persian exclusively legal terms.

  • ʿAZĪZ KHAN MOKRĪ

    J. Calmard

    SARDĀR-E KOLL (1792-1871), an army chief and dignitary of Qajar Iran.

  • ʿAZĪZ NASAFĪ

    Cross-Reference

    See NASAFĪ, ʿAZĪZ.

  • ʿAZĪZ-AL-DĪN, MOSTAWFĪ

    Cross-Reference

    See ABŪ NAṢR MOSTAWFĪ.

  • ʿAZĪZ-AL-MOLK

    Cross-Reference

    See ʿALĪ EBRĀHĪM KHAN.