Table of Contents

  • TAQIYA i. In Shiʿism

    Louis Medoff

    The foundations of taqiya can be traced back to certain Qurʾanic verses, perhaps the most explicit of which is Qurʾan 3:28. Taqiya holds an exceptional degree of legitimacy in Shiʿism owing to the abundant Hadith in its praise from the Imams. In Shiʿite exegesis there are several taqiya related intepretations of Qurʾanic verses.

  • TAQIYA ii. AMONG BABIS AND BAHAIS

    Kamran Ekbal

    Dissimulation of the faith was widespread among Babis and Bahais until the early years of the ministry of Shoghi Effendi (1921-57), when he, in a number of messages starting in 1927, prohibited its practice.

  • TAQIZADEH, SAYYED ḤASAN

    Multiple Authors

    (1878-1970), distinguished statesman, constitutionalist, and scholar.

  • TAQIZADEH, SAYYED ḤASAN i. To the end of the Constitutional Revolution

    Iraj Afshar and EIr

    (1878-1970), distinguished statesman, constitutionalist, and scholar.

  • TĀRIḴ-E QOM

    Andreas Drechsler

    (The History of Qom), an early local history (comp. 378/988) from medieval Persia by Ḥasan b. Moḥammad Qomi, which has been preserved in an early 9th/15th-century Persian translation.

  • TĀRIḴ-E SISTĀN

    C. E. Bosworth

    an anonymous local history in Persian of the eastern Iranian region of Sistān, the region that straddles the modern Iran-Afghanistan border. It forms a notable example of the flourishing genre of local histories in the pre-modern Iranian lands.

  • ṬARZI, MAḤMUD

    May Schinasi

    (1865-1933), writer, journalist, politician, and a prominent figure in Afghanistan in the first quarter of the 20th century. Tarzi was hailed as the "father of journalism" and oversaw the bi-monthly Serāj al-aḵbār, for which he wrote most of the articles, and was a translator of Turkish, an essayist, and a poet.

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  • TAṢNIF

    Margaret Caton

    a type of vocal composition in classical Persian music.

  • TAVADIA, JEHANGIR C.

    Firoze M. Kotwal and Jamsheed K. Choksy

    Parsi scholar of ancient Iranian languages and Zoroastrianism.

  • TAVALLALI, Fereydun

    Kāmyār ʿĀbedi

    (1919-1985), noted poet and writer. His literary career paralleled the dominant social, political, and literary trends of the middle decades of 20th century Iran.

  • TAVERNIER, JEAN-BAPTISTE

    Pierre-François Burger

    merchant, traveler, and author of Les six voyages and other works.

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  • TAʿZIA

    Peter Chelkowski

    a term used for the Shiʿite passion play performed in Persia. It is the sole form of serious drama to have developed in the world of Islam, with the exception of contemporary theater, which was introduced to Islamic countries in the mid-19th century.

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  • TEA

    Cross-Reference

    See ČĀY.

  • TEDESCO, PAUL MAXIMILIAN

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    (1898-1980), Austrian scholar of Indo-Iranian studies.

  • TEHRAN i. A PERSIAN CITY AT THE FOOT OF THE ALBORZ

    Xavier de Planhol

    At the northern borders of Iran’s arid central plateau, the southern foothills of the Alborz chain, which have the advantage of major precipitations, are particularly suitable for human settlements.

  • TEHRĀNI, Ḥosayn

    Morteżā Ḥoseyni Dehkordi

    (1911-1973) well-known master performer of the tonbak.

  • TEKIŠ B. IL ARSLĀN

    C. Edmund Bosworth

    (r. 1172-1200), ʿAlāʾ-al-Donyā wa’l-Din Abu’l-Moẓaffar, a ruler of the branch of Khwarazmshahs who descended from the Great Saljuq slave commander (ḡolām) Anuštigin Ḡarčāʾi.

  • TELEGRAPH i. FIRST TELEGRAPH LINES IN PERSIA

    Soli Shahvar

    The initiator of introducing the electric telegraph in Persia was Mirzā Malkom Khan. In 1858 he carried out two successful telegraphic experiments for Nāṣer-al-Din Shah.

  • TENTS in Iran

    Multiple Authors

    A portable dwelling characteristic of certain nomad groups. It consists of a canopy of cloth or skin supported by upright posts and anchored to the ground by means of pegs and ropes.

  • TENTS i. General Survey

    Jean-Pierre Digard

    The most common type of tent in Iran and Afghani­stan is the “black tent” (constructed of bands of woven goat hair stitched together), which is known from Mauritania to India.