Table of Contents

  • QALAM

    Sina Goudarzi and Bahram Grami

    a common name for a reed, a perennial plant of the grass family, after its hollow stem is cut and a nib is formed on the tip for calligraphy purposes.

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  • QAMAR-AL-MOLUK VAZIRI

    Erik Nakjavani

    (1905-1959), commonly referred to as Qamar, popular, pioneering Persian mezzo-soprano. Qamar’s first formal performance as a vocalist took place at Tehran’s Grand Hotel in 1924. 

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  • QANĀT

    Cross-Reference

    earliest irrigation system in Iran. See KĀRIZ.

  • QANDRIZ, MANSUR

    Hengameh Fouladvand

    Matisse, Picasso, and Persian miniature paintings inspired Qandriz’s early figurative work. He chose, as a critic commented, “mystical symbols to combine traditional and modern elements into his abstract designs.” Imaginary elements and heavenly figures, reminiscent of spiritual quests, are characteristics of Qandriz’s early paintings.

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  • QĀNUNI, JALĀL

    Houman Sarshar

    (1900-1987), master performer of the Persian modal system (dastgāh) and expert in Daštestāni music (folk music from Fārs province).

  • QĀNUNI, RAḤIM

    Houman Sarshar

    Širāzi (1871-1944), innovator, master of Persian classical music, and teacher.

  • QARĀ ḴEṬĀY

    István Vásáry

    western branch of the Mongolic Qitans, who ruled China as the Liao from 907 to 1124.

  • QARABAGH

    Alessandro Monsutti

    (Qarabāḡ), a district (woloswāli) of Ghazni Province in Afghanistan.

  • QARAKHANIDS

    Cross-Reference

    see ILAK-KHANIDS.

  • QARMATIS

    Cross-Reference

    or QARMATIANS, the name given to the adherents of a branch of the Ismaʿili movement during the 3rd/9th century. See CARMATIANS.