Table of Contents

  • MANDAEANS iv. COMMUNITY IN IRAN

    Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley

    According to the 15 September 2004 United States Department of State International Religious Freedom Report for Iran, Section 1, the current Mandaean population in Persia comprises between 5,000 and 10,000 persons.

  • MANDAEANS v. MANDAIC LANGUAGE

    Christa Müller-Kessler

    Mandaic is the term for the Aramaic dialect of the last remaining non-Christian Gnostics from Late Antiquity, the Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran (Ḵuzestān). It belongs to the Southeastern Aramaic dialect group with Babylonian Talmudic Aramaic and Koiné Babylonian Aramaic.

  • MANDAEANS vi. NEO-MANDAIC LANGUAGE

    Charles Häberl

    or modern Mandaic, the contemporary form of Mandaic, the language of the Mandaean religious community of Iraq and Iran. As such, it is the only known form of any of the classical literary dialects of Aramaic to survive to the present date, but it is severely endangered today.

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  • MANDANE

    Rüdiger Schmitt

    name of a daughter of the Median king Astyages.

  • MANGHITS

    ANKE VON KÜGELGEN

    self-denomination of Mongol and Turkic tribes which played an eminent role in the Golden Horde.

  • MANI

    Werner Sundermann

    the founder of the religion of Manicheism in the 3rd century CE. His life, being the central human subject of Manichean salvation history, necessarily underwent hagiographical stylization.

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  • MANICHEAN ART

    Zsuzsanna Gulacsi

    term referring to objects with aesthetic appeal made for, and/or used in association with,  the Manichean religion. Apart from a rock-crystal seal in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Paris,  no other item of Manichean art is known from Sasanian Mesopotamia, where the religion originated.

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  • MANICHEAN SCRIPT

    Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst

    a right-to-left Semitic script, used by adherents of Manicheism to write texts in Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Early New Persian, Bactrian, and Uighur (Old Turkish). It is closely related to the Palmyrene script of Aramaic and the Estrangelo script of Syriac.

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  • MANICHEISM

    Multiple Authors

    the religion founded by Mani, who regarded his doctrine not as the religion of a region, a state, or a chosen people, but as the completion of the preceding great religions of Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Buddhism.

  • MANICHEISM i. GENERAL SURVEY

    Werner Sundermann

    Manicheism is the only world religion that has become completely extinct. Its founder, Mani, lived in the third century CE. His religion spread over the continents from the Atlantic to the Chinese Sea.