ANDARĪMĀN, the name of a number of Turanian heroes in the Šāh-nāma. (1) A companion of Sīāvoš in the game of polo (Šāh-nāma [Moscow] III, p. 86, vs. 1326). (2) A hero who, in the battle of the twelve faces (roḵ), first defeats Gostaham, but with the arrival of Haǰīr abandons the field without success. At the conclusion of this battle he is killed in hand-to-hand combat with Gorgīn (ibid., V, p. 105, vss. 335, 1591f., 1809, 1950f.). According to Ṭabarī (II, p. 611), who records his name as Andarmān, he was a brother of Afrāsīāb and was killed by Gōdarz. The first and second Andarīmān must in fact be the same person. (3) A Turanian hero and brother of Arǰāsp and Kohram. His name is given in verses by Daqīqī in one place as Andemān and in another as Andīdmān (ibid., VI, p. 84, vss. 271, 277). In Ṭabarī (II, p. 677) his name is recorded as Andarmān, and in most Šāh-nāma mss., in the translation of Bondārī, and in Baḷʿamī (Tārīḵ II, p. 661) as Andarīmān. In the war with Arǰāsp Andarīmān kills thirty-eight Iranian warriors and is himself killed by Esfandīār (ibid., VI, p. 190, vss. 46, 744; Ṭabarī, II, p. 679). In the Avesta (Yt. 5.116-18) there is a brief mention of him as Vandarəmainiš (= Andarīmān), Arjāsp’s brother; he sacrificed 100 horses, 1,000 cattle, and 10,000 sheep to Anāhitā so that he might be victorious over Goštāsp and Zarēr, but Anāhitā did not fulfill his desire.
In the Šāh-nāma several Turanians, such as Andarīmān and Kohram, are killed during the reign of Kay Ḵosrow by Iranian heroes, but then reappear in the reign of Goštāsp and are killed by Esfandīār; we seem to be dealing with the adventures of old heroes transposed to later dates.
Bibliography:
See a1so Justi, Namenbuch, p. 347.
AirWb., co1. 1356.
(Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh)
Originally Published: December 15, 1985
Last Updated: August 3, 2011
This article is available in print.
Vol. II, Fasc. 1, pp. 10-11
Dj. Khaleghi-Motlagh, “ANDARĪMĀN,” Encyclopædia Iranica, II/1, pp. 10-11, available online at http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/andariman (accessed on 30 December 2012).
